MCQs on different SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) models with answers and explanations, ideal for UGC NET, ISRO, and Assistant Professor exams:
1. The Waterfall model is best suited for projects where:
a) Requirements are evolving frequently
b) Prototyping is essential
c) Requirements are well understood and fixed
d) Risk analysis is the main concern
Answer: c) Requirements are well understood and fixed
Explanation: Waterfall is a linear model and works best when all requirements are clearly defined at the beginning.
2. Which SDLC model includes a risk analysis phase in every cycle?
a) Waterfall Model
b) Agile Model
c) Spiral Model
d) V-Model
Answer: c) Spiral Model
Explanation: The Spiral Model emphasizes risk analysis in each iteration of its cycle.
3. Which model is known as verification and validation model?
a) V-Model
b) Spiral Model
c) Prototype Model
d) RAD Model
Answer: a) V-Model
Explanation: V-Model emphasizes that each development phase is directly associated with a testing phase.
4. Which SDLC model is most suitable for developing small, quick-delivery applications?
a) Spiral Model
b) Agile Model
c) V-Model
d) RAD Model
Answer: d) RAD Model
Explanation: Rapid Application Development (RAD) focuses on quick development with user involvement.
5. The main drawback of the Waterfall model is:
a) It is difficult to manage
b) It does not allow feedback
c) No provision for risk handling
d) Poor documentation
Answer: c) No provision for risk handling
Explanation: Waterfall does not accommodate risk management or changing requirements easily.
6. In the Prototyping Model, the prototype is mainly used to:
a) Train users
b) Replace the final product
c) Understand and refine user requirements
d) Improve database performance
Answer: c) Understand and refine user requirements
Explanation: A prototype helps users visualize the system early and give feedback on requirements.
7. Which SDLC model is most suitable when requirements change frequently?
a) Waterfall
b) Spiral
c) Agile
d) V-Model
Answer: c) Agile
Explanation: Agile is iterative and adaptive, making it best for dynamic and evolving requirements.
8. In which SDLC model are the phases carried out sequentially without overlapping?
a) Spiral Model
b) Waterfall Model
c) Agile Model
d) Incremental Model
Answer: b) Waterfall Model
Explanation: The Waterfall model is a strictly linear sequential model.
9. Agile development focuses on:
a) Following a rigid process
b) Eliminating user involvement
c) Continuous delivery of working software
d) Heavy documentation
Answer: c) Continuous delivery of working software
Explanation: Agile emphasizes short iterations with frequent delivery and customer feedback.
10. Which SDLC model can be viewed as a series of mini-waterfalls?
a) V-Model
b) Incremental Model
c) Prototype Model
d) Spiral Model
Answer: b) Incremental Model
Explanation: The Incremental Model delivers functionality in small portions, similar to multiple mini-waterfalls.
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