Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) on Software Engineering based on previous years' UGC NET and ISRO Assistant Professor exams, along with their answers and explanations:
1. Which of the following software process models is also known as the classic life cycle model?
a) Waterfall Model
b) Spiral Model
c) Prototype Model
d) RAD Model
Answer: a) Waterfall Model
Explanation: The Waterfall Model is the earliest SDLC approach used for software development. It follows a linear sequential flow.
2. In the context of software engineering, 'coupling' refers to:
a) How classes are related to each other
b) Degree of interaction between modules
c) Depth of inheritance
d) The number of lines in a module
Answer: b) Degree of interaction between modules
Explanation: Lower coupling between modules is desired for better maintainability and modularity.
3. Function Point (FP) is used to measure:
a) Lines of Code
b) Programming efficiency
c) Size of the software
d) Execution time
Answer: c) Size of the software
Explanation: Function Points measure software size based on the functionality provided to the user.
4. Which one of the following is not a software metric?
a) Cyclomatic complexity
b) Lines of Code (LOC)
c) Gantt chart
d) Function Point
Answer: c) Gantt chart
Explanation: Gantt chart is a project scheduling tool, not a software metric.
5. In the Spiral Model, the major emphasis is on:
a) Risk analysis
b) Functional prototyping
c) Parallel development
d) Time boxing
Answer: a) Risk analysis
Explanation: Spiral Model focuses heavily on identifying and mitigating risks.
6. Which testing method uses the internal structure of the program?
a) Black-box testing
b) White-box testing
c) Alpha testing
d) Beta testing
Answer: b) White-box testing
Explanation: White-box testing is based on the internal logic and code structure of the software.
7. ISO 9126 standard is related to:
a) Software Testing
b) Software Quality
c) Software Maintenance
d) Software Design
Answer: b) Software Quality
Explanation: ISO 9126 defines software quality attributes like functionality, reliability, usability, efficiency, maintainability, and portability.
8. What is the main goal of requirement analysis?
a) To estimate cost and time
b) To understand what the users need
c) To design the architecture
d) To write code
Answer: b) To understand what the users need
Explanation: Requirement analysis helps in understanding the exact needs and constraints of the users.
9. Which of the following is not a step in software project planning?
a) Effort estimation
b) Risk analysis
c) Coding
d) Resource allocation
Answer: c) Coding
Explanation: Coding is part of development, not project planning.
10. COCOMO model is used for:
a) Testing
b) Project scheduling
c) Cost estimation
d) Deployment
Answer: c) Cost estimation
Explanation: COCOMO (Constructive Cost Model) helps estimate the cost, effort, and schedule of a software project.
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